Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Over Staggered ꞌ+ꞌ Shaped Obstacles

The inclusion of complex obstacles within solar chaels is the aim of our study. Two obstacles of the form ꞌ+ꞌ interlaced within a two-dimensional and rectangular chael are the subject of our study. Fluid is Newtonian, turbulent, non-compressible and has constant properties. The number of Reynolds varies from 12,000 to 32,000 with a constant temperature along the upper surface of the chael. The thermal and dynamic analysis of the chael's inteal structure has been carefully processed. Different fields of speed and heat, with various profiles of frictions and heat exchange coefficients have been included in this research. Future work will involve more complex geometries and using nanofluids to assess the optimum conditions for heat transfer enhancements.